Leaving for the present the important matter of the hardness (you need to find this out, either call the water authority or see if the store will test your tap water), there are some issues in post #1. Fluttermoth dealt with Betta, so that's out. The Chinese Algae Eater I suggest you get rid of soon, hopefully the store will take it back. This fish gets 5-6 inches in length, and frequently becomes nasty. It eats less and less algae as it matures.
The Rainbowfish need a shoal, but here we come to another problem...tank size. This species needs at least six, more being better as the males will be more colourful. Attaining over 4 inches in length (males, females around 3+) needs at least a 4-foot tank for adequate swimming room. Perhaps the store will take these two back? You haven't room for the necessary shoal.
Angelfish and Gourami. I would not advise angelfish; this too is a shoaling species, meaning five or six minimum in a 4-foot or larger tank. There are other issues I won't bog this down with. Gourami, could work, depending upon the species. Some get largish, some are mean, some absolutely must have soft water. Tankmates have to be carefully chosen, as sedate fish like gourami frequently end up being targeted and fin nipped. Which brings me to the barbs.
Tiger Barbs will not work, unless you remove all the other fish, and get a group of 8-12 for the 30g tank, and no other fish. Tigers are inherently nippy, and in larger groups like this they can work out, but no other fish unless a much larger tank, and then no sedate fish. Cherry barb are more peaceful, but let's see the water parameters (GH) first, and go from there.
Welcome to TFF.
Byron.