i always find that the commonly seen 'sturgeon' in lfs's are actually sterlets, which are a smaller relative of the sturgeon. as davo86 says they can and do reach 3 foot in length and are a really chunky fish.
your not looking at what sized aquarium you can keep one in but what sized pond, they need cold water and more oxygen than your average fish. your looking at a big koi pond type of set up to keep these, and if you get one that max's at 3 foot you should be thinking of 12 foot long, 6 foot wide and 4 foot deep as an absolute minimum.
no matter how tempted you are, don't go and get it. in the long run it will be cruel on the fish and you will have a lot of trouble re-homing a 3 foot sterlet so you'd probably end up eating it or something!