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UKAPS
any real scientifc research will not be bias as a good scientist repeats tests, fish show no expression physically as to how they feel besides movement.
and an orangutan is easier to test as you can talk to them and they may understand you etc. where as you dont know wether a fish can understand you.
how much scientific research have you readi.e. from a peer reviewed journal. Most scientific research identifies pitfalls in research.
How do fish communicate? They must communicate is some way be it olfactory, gustatory or through visual stimuli (not much i know about)
CARLSTEAD, K., 1996. Effects of captivity on the behaviour of wild mammals. In: KLIEMAN, D., ALLEN, M., THOMPSON, K. and LUMPKIN, S., eds., Wild mammals in captivity: Principles and techniques. London: University of Chicago Press. 1996. pp 317-333.
MORGAN, K. and TROMBORG, C., 2007. Sources of stress in captivity. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 102 (3-4), 262-302.
RABIN, L, 2003. Maintaining behavioural diversity in captivity for conservation: natural behavioural management. Animal Welfare, 12, 85-94.
VEASEY, J., WARAN, N. and YOUNG, R., 1996. On comparing the behaviour of zoo housed animals with wild conspecifics as a welfare indicator, using the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) as a model. Animal Welfare, 5(6), 139-153.
wheres the info? fish generally recognize each other by site, body shape. fish can work together in a way, using the lateral line which detects change in pressure and shoaling fish detect pressure changes with the lateral line and maintain their shoal in this way.
i believe that keeping shoaling fish in groups of under 6 is wrong, firstly because we have no proof of whether a fish is happy or not, because, they show no expression and we cannot communicate with them so will not know if they will be happy or not, but its always best to be on the safe side
i.e. from a peer reviewed journal. Most scientific research identifies pitfalls in research.






