I've had a thought like this floating around in my head for a while.
It's easy and it should work
The key is that you have to have uniformly sized gravel/filter media. Or atleast a minimum size for the gravel.
1. find a container. It should have a tight fitting lid that you can poke/drill holes in. This may not be necessary though.
2. put a hole the size of airline tubing in the top. Next poke lots and lots of small holes all over the top.
3. poke a line of holes just smaller than the smallest piece of gravel your using around the very bottom rim of the container. The bigger the better. However, larger gravel provides less surface area so it's kind of a give and take relationship. Smaller gravel means smaller holes which means less water flow through the filter. Larger gravel means larger holes which means less surface area.
4. run the airline through the top and push it through a long ways. Much longer than the depth of the container.
5. Next buy a flexible airstone (other kinds will work but I think flexible is best) and put about an inch of media in the bottom. this is to prevent all the air from just squirting out of the holes in the bottom. You know, things look for the path of least resistance.
6. Put the airstone on top of that media, then connect the airline to the airstone and fill the container with filter media whatever it may be. (I plan on using ceramic chunks if I ever make one)
7. Now turn on the filter and hope that it works.
The idea is water flows into the container through the holes in the bottom and out through the holes in the top. Don't know that it would work.
EDIT: I started writing this a while back and had to walk away from the comp for a long time.