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When we inject CO2:

CO2 + H2O <=> H2CO3

H2CO3 <=> H+ = HCO3-

HCO3- <=> CO3-- + 2H+

Put it all together and that is the equation for when we inject CO2. As you can see it lies in equilibrium:

CO2 + H2O <=> H2CO3 <=> H+ + HCO3- <=> CO3-- + 2H+

At around a ph of 7, there is equal amounts of CO2 and HCO3-
when we move to pH8.5 almost all of it is converted to HCO3-
when we move to pH10 it moves to equal amounts of HCO3- and CO3--


So you can now see why the ph is lowered below 7 when we inject CO2, because in its aqueous form it is carbonic acid
H2CO3 (carbonic acid)
H+ (hydrogen)
CO3-- (carbonates)
HCO3- (bicarbonates)

the '+' and '-' just represent the charges.
 

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