Its OK, its totally weird when you're new to it.
One of the problems is that we're all familiar with things like sponges catching little bits of dirt. That makes sense to us. That's called "mechanical filtration" and its one of the jobs of our filter, but its not the main job.
The main job of our filter is the really weird part: We grow live bacteria in it (it takes a couple of months(!) to grow) and it forms brown stains on the sponge (or whatever media we've got.) So a lot of the "brown muck" we see in an aquarium filter is actually very important stuff and we work hard not to lose it or throw it away.
This bacteria processes the main two poisons out of our fish water (ammonia and nitrite(NO2)) and turns it into some stuff that's not so bad but that we remove via water changes each week. We keep our bacteria and our sponges for years and years, until the sponges themselves begin to tear and break down, then we use them to "seed" new sponges with bacteria.
I'll let other members help. Did any of that make any sense?
~~waterdrop~~