Yes, you've not given enough info about the tank, the filter or the purpose.
Soon after water is treated with conditioner to dechlorinate/dechloraminate, there can be plenty of bacteria growing in it. Here in the forum we are usually focused on the bacteria in the filter but that ignores other types of bacteria also present in the water.
The good bacteria we try to encourage are chemolithoautotrophs (litho="eaters of rock" (!) - they transform basic non-organic molecules into the compnents necessary for thier life) whereas there are also heterotrophic bacteria present in the water. The heterotrophs are the ones that break down the leftover food, the plant debris and the fish waste into ammonia, which then feeds the autotrophs in our filters. In reality a mix of many different species will be found in greatly varying amounts on and in everything in the aquarium.
If you introduced a filter with bacteria to a bare tank of tap water (dechlored or not) you would soon have enough decomposing organic matter from the now-dead bacteria to be able to smell it (probably some "rotten egg gas" from sulfer-dioxide or other organic components.)
If the tank was bare it still might need a scrub of the walls and filter components to rid this smell. If it had substrate, that might contribute even more smell and need a good bucket rinse.
~~waterdrop~~