High Nitrate Or Is It? Also Cory Cats Strange Behaviour?

That's not strictly true. If nitrate gets above 40ppm, it's just as toxic as ammonia and nitrite. Try keeping a sensitive fish like a blue ram in high nitrate - you'll see what I'm talking about.

Rubish. Sorry is that is blunt, but jump into the scientific section and you will eventuallly find a thead on nitrate toxidity, were three of four scientific papers are quoted, giving "safe" levels of nitrate for fish between 400 and 1000ppm, so 50 isn't a problem for most species. Mebers such as Davo keep rams in water with a nitrate level of 50-60ppm, so 40 won't harm them. Nitrate does however indicate levels of other toxins in the water, that we cannont test for. These, TetraLinz, may be affecting your rams, but it won't be the nitrate unless they are wild caught (very unlikely) and even then, they can be aclimated to a higher nitrate reading over time :good:

fergiesek, Nitrate below 50 is fine, so don't worry about it. Just keep up with water changes and it will eventually level out. If it is more than 40ppm above tap water readings though, I'd increase the %age of waterchanges you do each week :good:

All the best
Rabbut

Actually, YOU'RE the one in the wrong, Rabbut. And I didn't mention MY ram. Nitrate level here is 10ppm. My Ram, FYI, is fine. I'm going on the information posted by a MUCH better fishkeeper than you or myself will EVER be. 400-1000ppm nitrate?! ####?! I was hoping that was a typing error. In the UK, the legal limit for tapwater nitrate is 50ppm. Many fish have provably suffered in less nitrate levels than that.

You're going on the information of Scientists?! Meh . . . My information is coming from an ex-animal rescue worker and probably the best fishkeeper in the country.
 
Thank you all very much for your advice - very much appreciated.

And apologies for starting a lively debate! :)

Fergie
X
 
Great advice from Rabbut!!

As far as i know nitrate is the least likely to cause any damage, in my tank it always seems to be pretty high even the day after my weekly water change.I have gouramis,angelfish,cories etc... and they are all absolutely fine.

How often do you feed your fish?Overfeeding could also be a reason for high levels of nitrate.Also do you have plants in your tank?Dead plant matter if not removed from a tank can decay and raise the nitrate levels in a tank.

Oh and your LFS is talking rubbish,as said high levels of nitrate isn't a problem,it's high levels of nitrite/ammonia that can be toxic to fish!

:good:

Hi Rutters,

I was feeding twice a day - morning and evening - but have cut back to once a day this week. I only feed what they can eat in a few mins as everyone instructs. Flaked food every day. Brine shimp sachet once a week. 4/6 shelled peas maybe once a fornight. I do keep cucumber, hanging off the side at all times tho? Some fish (gouramis/molly/otto) nibble on the cucumber all day/night till there's just an outline left, which I just replace constantly.

We removed the two plants we had in as they were quite 'ratty' as the gouramis kept nibbling them so we only have one plant on a piece of wood at the moment.

What do you think?

Thanks
 
That's not strictly true. If nitrate gets above 40ppm, it's just as toxic as ammonia and nitrite. Try keeping a sensitive fish like a blue ram in high nitrate - you'll see what I'm talking about.

Rubish. Sorry is that is blunt, but jump into the scientific section and you will eventuallly find a thead on nitrate toxidity, were three of four scientific papers are quoted, giving "safe" levels of nitrate for fish between 400 and 1000ppm, so 50 isn't a problem for most species. Mebers such as Davo keep rams in water with a nitrate level of 50-60ppm, so 40 won't harm them. Nitrate does however indicate levels of other toxins in the water, that we cannont test for. These, TetraLinz, may be affecting your rams, but it won't be the nitrate unless they are wild caught (very unlikely) and even then, they can be aclimated to a higher nitrate reading over time :good:

fergiesek, Nitrate below 50 is fine, so don't worry about it. Just keep up with water changes and it will eventually level out. If it is more than 40ppm above tap water readings though, I'd increase the %age of waterchanges you do each week :good:

All the best
Rabbut

Actually, YOU'RE the one in the wrong, Rabbut. And I didn't mention MY ram. Nitrate level here is 10ppm. My Ram, FYI, is fine. I'm going on the information posted by a MUCH better fishkeeper than you or myself will EVER be. 400-1000ppm nitrate?! ####?! I was hoping that was a typing error. In the UK, the legal limit for tapwater nitrate is 50ppm. Many fish have provably suffered in less nitrate levels than that.

You're going on the information of Scientists?! Meh . . . My information is coming from an ex-animal rescue worker and probably the best fishkeeper in the country.

I appear to have got myself wedged firmly up someones backside, and I'm sorry TetraLins, but I'm gonna hold my ground here, as I know I'm right.....
Lets look at your responce i more detail;

And I didn't mention MY ram. Nitrate level here is 10ppm. My Ram, FYI, is fine.

Sorry, I mis-read, so this point holds true :good:

posted[/b] by a MUCH better fishkeeper than you or myself will EVER be.

OK, so you are going on the advise you have read on a forum, where you have not even met the person, not seen any of the sources of their information, is this correct, or am I missing something here???

If this is the case, how do you know they are a better keeper than you, let alone me, whom you have never met..... :/ Even if you can answer that, I'd love to see you explain how you know your source isn't lying... I could claim to be a world leading expert on Nitrate toxidity to fish, but the long and short is that I am not. It would be easy for me to claim this, and as you don't know whom I am, you can't disprove a claim like this....

400-1000ppm nitrate?! ####?! I was hoping that was a typing error. In the UK, the legal limit for tapwater nitrate is 50ppm.

Yes the legal limit in UK tap water is 50ppm, I know that, my dad tests water to regulate the water companies, and to also catch anyone poluting the countries natural water caurses. There is no real need to bring points about source water to my attentions, as I will have head most before already :nod:

HOWEVER; we aren't talking about the legal limit of Nitrate in tap water here, we are talking about the maximum "safe" concerntration of nitrate in an aquarium scenario...

Many fish have provably suffered in less nitrate levels than that.

To prove something, IE to have something be proable, there needs to be exidence there to back a claim up. I have not seen this evidence, so please humor me by bringing it to my attention :good:

You're going on the information of Scientists?!

Well yes, for the reasons below;

Meh . . . My information is coming from an ex-animal rescue worker and probably the best fishkeeper in the country.

I, and anyone whom is likely to access your claims, coulden't realy care what your sources are, if you don't give a full name and the identity of the institution at which they work as otherwise they could be anyone, from your none-fish-keeping next door neibour to the next wrighter for PFK..... You must reference your sources so that they can be cross examined in a debate like this... None-published sources have nothing to loose by giving false advise, thus they can say whatever they like with minimal repercussions.

I have said that I have read papers that quote safe nitrate to be safe to fish between 400-1000ppm, so I will endevor to post links to them (or the ISPN number of the book/jorunal/study in which they were published along side author name) so that you may review and cross examin them with your information. :good: Without this information, your souce is invallid, untill their work is published in a peer-reviewed item of litriture and then published in a quotable and referenceable media :nod:

As for them "probibly being the best fish keeper in the country" as you have said, that is a matter of opinion. Untill you tell me whom they are, they are still to me a none-fish keeper whom is making up bull, even if this person was a large scale and well respected fishkeeper working on the world stage. I don't know wham they are, I don' know their source of information and thus I cannot access the validity of their point.

Bring me quotes

Bring me references

And then I can dicus the facts with you.

Percsonal experience cannot easily be counted as evidence. This is because unless there is a study being conducted, and the fish are kept in controlled conditions, such that nitrate is the only forseeable variable, there are too many other variables that could have lead to the demise of the fish. As said in a previous post, us fish keepers use nitrate to monitor levels of general toxidity in the water; not because it is the most toxic by-product, but because it is the only one of numberous other by-products that we can measure cost effectively with a reasonable amount of accuracy.

OK, so fish have been seen to suffer past a nitrate reading of 50ppm, HOWEVER, what other polutants had build up in that water? If it was a tank, one or all of the following could also be a contributing factor towards the demise of the fish; Phosphates, disolved organics, mineral depletion, and the concerntration of toxins from airosols, air freshoners, fly spray ECT ETC ECT.... The list is end-less. :sly:

Just because fish in an aquarium have died when nitrate passed 50ppm, doesn't mean to say it was the only thing that built up in great levels, or laced sufficient levels for that matter. In an aquarium there are too many variables, that is why we turn to science, where nitrate can be made the only variable, with everything else being kept constant, such that the tocidity of nitrate alone can be monitored :nod: In the controlled scientific environement, we can also keep nitrate constant over a prolonged period of time, such that we can monitor the effects of the nitrate on the test organisum over a prolonged period of time :nod:

All the best, and eagerly awaiting your responce
Rabbut
 
OK, thanks to Andywg (had to PM some other members to find the thread :blush: ), I have found [topic="204993"]this thread[/topic], by Tom Barr, AKA Plantbrain, whom is a world class aquarium builder and a honarary member on here. He designs, builds and maintains tanks for many famous people, from his own company, the Barr Report.

In that thread, he dicusses the build-up of toxins in the aquarium, including nitrate. 1,341 was the most a minnow could take in N-N03 during a 48 hour exposure to that concerntration... Over 358 days, a level of 717 of N-NO3 was maintained, with no adverse effects observed. The second link is currently down :sad:

Remember to multiply by 4.4 to get N-N03 in terms of ppm's of nitrate :good: N-N03 is a way of expressing nitrate in tearms of the total number of nitrogen atoms in the substance :nod:

Short-term fish can take 5,900.4ppm of nitrate

Long-term fish can take 2868ppm of nitrate.

These levels are higher than I thought in my previous posts, but I think I remembered the concerntrations of N-N03 rather than nitrate :nod:

There is my evidence, now I look foreward to yours :good:

All the best
Rabbut
 

From that link;

In the past, nitrate was considered essentially harmless to fish; certainly it is far less toxic than ammonia or nitrite. It has been shown that levels of up to 1000 ppm may be required to cause death, but the effects of lower levels on long term health are not well understood.

This in part agrees with my information, only quoting lower nitrate toxidity levels. Long-term exposure isn't well understood... That could be debated later, but I'll avoid that point for now :good:


From that link,

A long-term exposure experiment was also carried out, whereby Medaka fish was exposed to NaNO3 (100 and 125 mg NO3-N l-1) for three months from its egg stage. Eggs treated with NaNO3 hatched within 10 days after fertilization. At the end of the exposure period, survival rate in the 100 and 125 mg NO3-N l-1 treatments were 40% and 30%, respectively.

These are quoted in tearms of total nitrogen, so to convert into ppm, we need to multiply by 4.4, so there is a 40% survival rate at 440ppm and a 30% survival rate at 550ppm. Fry are notoriously sencitive to nitrate however, so the meaning of this research for aquarium use could be questionable, since we aren't dealing with sensitive species.

We also have to question the expected success rate with this species, as a quick google search will show that this species needs low temperatures for a good success rate and a stable temperature untill 6 months old. This report uses newly hatched fish, untill they are 3 months old, so a fair amount of the losses could be due to other factors, such as an error in the care of the test subjects. In the likely event that the system did not get waterchanged (not able to verify through that source) then a build-up of growth hormonne for example may account for the losses. There isn't enough information to see the controls placed on that test, so we realy can't see what else affected the fish in the study...


levels of up to 100mg/L have shown to be non-toxic to fish. This is due to the fact that fish acclimatise to high levels of nitrate, if the change is sudden, the fish suffer from nitrate shock.

This shows levels are safe above the 50ppm you quote, and also mentions the shock that you mentioned perviously. The ipoint on shock is a good one, that we can both use in our arguments. You have a perfectly valid point in saying that sudden changes in nitrate are deadly, which I will not despute. I have seen the effects of sudden nitrate change first hand. It may also bring us to question the studies so far, as they state that they introduced fish to the test levels of nitrate. This means that the sudden change in could have resulted in shock and this may account for higher loss rates :nod:

This source can be questioned, as the author is not named. This source is annonomous, so unless you can name the author for me, I will discount it :nod:


These last three are all the same source, so I will count them as such, once you amend the links so that they work :good: I am getting a page not found error on clicking those three links...

It's interesting to note that your links are supporting both our arguments. If you can get the authors name, for the annonomous source, the quoted numbers will possibly carry weight, though they may not have been generated by a scientific study. It read like the Bio-elete article was pulling those numbers out of thin air without any research to back them up. This would be typical of an author talking from personal experience. The weight behind that experience would very much depend on the author :nod:

All the best
Rabbut
 
Believe what you like Rabbut. I know I'm right.

And you mention pulling numbers out of thin air - where did YOU get 4.4 from?

The person I get most of my experience from, btw, has NEVER said he's the best fishkeeper in Britain - he's bloody proved it - many times! Over and over again.
 
The 4.4 is a common conversion factor to move n-N03 to N03. N-N03 is a measure of total nitrogen in a substance in tearms of nitrate, N03 is nitrate alone, not in tearms of anything else. Google N-N03 to N03 conversion, and that should give you that conversion factor and explain more detail about it to you. Also, read the link I gave you rather than ignoring it. If you had bothered to read my link rather than being so arogant to ignore it to make your point, you would now know where that number came from and why it is used.

The person I get most of my experience from, btw, has NEVER said he's the best fishkeeper in Britain - he's bloody proved it

I get a sence of day-jar-voo. OK, lets see this exidence then if it is porveable :rolleyes: As yet, you haven't even bothered to name this mythical source...

Believe what you like Rabbut. I know I'm right.

The arogance of this comment was covered above, but if you are realy right, why does your own evidence show my point more clearly that yours? That is the sources that are valid, due to them containing sufficient information to work out WHOM the author is....

You are avoiding proving your points, by using Ad-Homen attacks against me to attempt to discount me rather than my evidence. This would be great if I had written the articles, but as I haven't, discounting my person does nothing to gain your point more credibility.

All the best
Rabbut
 
I am in NO way arrogant, rabbut. The fact that you assume that I am only that proves you don't know me at all. Think I know this information from my own experiences? No. I don't, I have learned off the collective experiences of the members of a frankly much better forum than this one, AS WELL AS the person who is a much fishkeeper than myself. A person who, fyi, has saved the life of my ram on MORE THAN ONE occasion. The Ram, btw, is a badly bred Far East Blue ram, who has had more than his fair share of problems in life.

Considering you think nitrate is safe at levels of up to 1000 and my sources prove that nitrate as low as 100ppm cause death if the fish suffer from prolonged exposure - I think that backs up MY argument more than yours. MY OWN PERSONAL experience is that I have had apistogramma who have suffered from a nitrate toxicity of as low as 20ppm.

The reason why I said you can believe what you like, is because, frankly, I'm not well - haven't been well all week, and can't be bothered with arguing with someone who I know - from the information I have gained from experiences gained elsewhere as well as my own experiences - is wrong.
 
Can you prove it was nitrate caursing the issue?

Personal experience is all well and good, but without evidence it carries no weight.

You only source quoting 100ppm of nitrate as dangerous, did not have a named author. Without a named author I cannot acess how much weight to give it. For all I know it is your own site, though I doubt it is... The quoted reading did not state where that rading came from either. It could have been taken from personal experience from the auhor, and thus is irrelivant. All other quoted sources gave readings in excess of 550ppm as safe long-term :good:

No, I don't know you, but not knowing where the conversion factor came from proves to me that ypu either diden't read my link, or you diden't understand it. Continuing a discussion that you don't understand without first clarifying the missunerstanding is IMO arogant. Not reading the link IMO is also arogant. Take you pick as to which applies to you :good:

EDIT TO ADD after Tetralines edit.

Sorry to hear you are unwell. Please come back when you feel better, as I am open to my mind being changed by valid research. When you are up to finding it I will take note. Sorry for the slightly agressing nature of my postings so far
 
The reason why I said you can believe what you like, is because, frankly, I'm not well - haven't been well all week, and can't be bothered with arguing with someone who I know - from the information I have gained from experiences gained elsewhere as well as my own experiences - is wrong.

I hope you come back when you are better. I have looked around for some time in the hope of finding the source of the lower nitrate levels, especially when people post levels below what tap water is often at in the UK, yet people keep fish fine. To find a source of scientific information which indicates lower nitrate levels would be an interesting read.

As an aside, nitrates are toxic at lower levels to fry, and I recall reading a paper that found that at least one species of fry (again, I forget which and haven't found that paper again despite searching) had mortality in significant numbers above about 120ppm. The adults of the same species were fine above 1,000 ppm.
 

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