The very cheap cat litters are made of nothing more complicated than fine clay. This can help if you want to grow plants on a small budget, as the clay will act as a fertilizer for the plants.
As long as the cat litter is a cheap, Fuller's earth one, without any deodourisers or perfumes, it is quite safe for fish, but it can cloud the water, which is why it's better used underneath gravel or sand to hold it in place.