I am wondering what this pipe is intended for. I hate wires, hoses etc. at the best of time so if this hose it not needed I would like to pull it off. Will removing it shorten the pumps life span by any chance?

If you're talking about what I think you're talking about, that's usually got a venturi attachment (like a little plastic nib wit a screw-in end piece that lets you vary the amount of flow of air through the tubing. It's only to allow air into the pump outflow stream so you can aerate your water more effectively. If you don't want the airtubing, just place the output of the pump near the top of the tank, so it disturbs the surface of the water - that's normally enough to aerate your tank sufficiently. If you have your pump near enough the top of your tank, the inlet pipe (usually on the top of the outflow from the pump) can be made to be above the surface, so you get the air in that way, but as I say, just being at the top and disturbing the surface will work just fine to get oxygen into your water.
Not having any tubing in there doesn't have any detrimental effect on the life of the pump.
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