Safe Level of Chemicals in New Tank

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Seal36

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Today I have changed from my 40 litre to my 70 litre. I have added the old media and everything and have just tested the water and want to make sure that the results are all good. I use API freshwater tester kit.

Ph 7.6
Ammonia 0.25ppm (what level of ammonia is bad for the fish)
Nitrite 0ppm (what level is bad for fish)
Nitrate 5ppm ( comes out of the tap at this level and again what level is bad for the fish)

Thanks for the help though this change and unlike my last change of tank I have not lost any fish (touches wood)

From Tom
 
any amount of ammonia and nitrates are bad, and nitrites are safe (IMO) until around 50ppm
 
So I would do a water change, as your tank isnt fully cycled
 
EllieJellyEllie said:
any amount of ammonia and nitrates are bad, and nitrites are safe (IMO) until around 50ppm
 
So I would do a water change, as your tank isnt fully cycled
Amount of ammonia will depend on pH I think, though I still am not able to remember all of that one yet! Hopefully someone else can say.
And switch the other two around. Ammonia->Nitrites->Nitrates :)
 
Nitrates are the safest Ellie, with ammonia and nitrite being the most toxic to fish, 0.25 ppm is OK for the short term and probably it's even an actual 0 reading usually a close call with API test kit
 
Yeah it was very close wether it was 0 or 0.25 and you say short term and how long does that mean roughly from Tom
 
As pointed out the toxicity of ammonia depends on the pH and the temperature.  But, the levels you are mentioning aren't that big a deal.
 
Ok thanks and the ph is 7.6 and the temp is 25C from Tom
 
There has been debate as to how much and for how long fish can tolerate being exposed to Ammonia,  general advice would be to get it as close to zero as possible as soon as possible :)
 
As mentioned, they aren't 'that big a deal', but they warrant watching.  If they rise, that's a concern.  If they are a 'false reading', which is possible, that's ok.
 
The nitrates should start to rise now - and the ammonia and nitrite should be zero.
 
KirkyArcher said:
Nitrates are the safest Ellie, with ammonia and nitrite being the most toxic to fish, 0.25 ppm is OK for the short term and probably it's even an actual 0 reading usually a close call with API test kit
Whoops! I always get those mixed up :p
 
I havwe always been very careful with my ammonia from an uncyled tank. Always do a 75% change when ammonia is at .50 ppm
 
KirkyArcher said:
There has been debate as to how much and for how long fish can tolerate being exposed to Ammonia,  general advice would be to get it as close to zero as possible as soon as possible
smile.png
 
Well, the exposure to 'ammonia' (NH3) and 'ammonium' (NH4) are two different things.  But, in a 'cycled' tank, they should not be showing up on a test kit.  Ammonia is the toxic to fish version, ammonium is the not toxic to fish variety.  At pH 7.6 and lower, the concentration of 'total ammonia' which is what the API kit tests for, is leaning to the NH4, not the NH3 side of the equation, so that is why its less important - and not dangerous.  If, however, the pH were up nearer to 8.0-8.4, then the ammonia would be present and it would be a much bigger deal.
 
That's good then I will take a reading before I go to bed and then again tomorrow from Tom
 
Eagle got it fairly right. There are two levels to focus on for NH3-, where 05 ppm is the big red line and .02 ppm or less is safe for quite some time. And NH4 which is way less harmful. How much is in each form in any tank depends on the pH and the water temp. So, you test with your API kit and then calculate from there, its a complex formula but luckily there are tables and calculators on the net to do the work. Here is the one I use which allows for both fw and to sw tanks. It should be noted that even if one's ammonia reading were to be all in the NH4 form (typical at a pH under 6.5), this may still harm fish at higher levels or if exposure is persistant rather than short term.
 
http://www.hamzasreef.com/Contents/Calculators/FreeAmmonia.php
 
When you use it do the following:
 
1. Select for the NH (NH3 + NH4) with the API kits. Do not select the one that has the -N after each term. This is a different scale and is used for different kits.
2. For fw tanks set the salinity to 0.
3. Enter your tank pH. (You posted it as 7.6)
3. Enter the temp of your tank water and select C or F.
4. Click on calculate and read the number that comes up for NH3 Concentration.
 
At pH 7.6, and a tank temp. of 25.5C (I had to estimate that since you did not report yours) and a reading of .25 ppm as you listed, the amount of NH3 in your tanks is .0059 ppm so you are .0141 under the danger line. You tank is safe for fish  for quite a while assuming that level eventually goes away.
 
Because this is "New" tank where most of the old tank contents went in, most of the bacteria went in as well, But not quite all of it. So you may have a small reading. This should not be an issue at the level you gave.
 
Nitrite is a different story. Unlike ammonia, which in terms of cycling should not be neutralized, nitrite is easy to fight with the addition of chloride to the water. 2/3 of table salt is chloride so basically a small amount of salt in the water will block the nitrite from being taking in by fish. However, .25 ppm of ammonia can only produce .65 ppm of nitrite and that isn't bad for a short term either. I would expect your current reading of ,25 ppm to be gone overnight if it is a real reading (test kits are not so accurate at low numbers). The same will happen if small nitrite shows up.
 
My nitrite was defiantly at 0 and my nitrates were at 5ppm as that how it comes out of the tap. I am glad to know that the ammonia is at an ok level and will still check them later and will check to see if any ammonia comes out of my tap from Tom
 
I have checked the ammonia again and I'm not sure what it's at so.
I have attached a picture as I find it hard to tell what colour the water is an a second opinion is always good.
This is the ammonia test.
The tube on the left is tap water and the tube on the right is tank water.
What ammonia level do you think it is from Tom
 

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