Seeing as you have not posted this in the SW section, I am going to assume that you have a FW tank. Secondly, you are calling it red algae, which makes it either BBA or staghorn algae.
If I have made the right assumptions, then you have algae issues in your tank closely linked to CO2 problems. In a low light tank, the best means for you to combat it is to hold back on water changes. The heavily carbonated water you put in at water change causes fluctuations, triggering the BBA and staghorn. Dosing Flourish Excel will kill it for sure. I am of, of course, also assuming you use the tank stock lighting.
In a high light tank, which would imply that it is planted, you need non limiting, stable CO2.
Phosphate I have read from some sources to be a caurse, though admitedly algea isn't one of my strong points... On my last research of cyno, I found no definitive caurse of it, just speculation, Phosphate being one speculative caurse, hence why I asked to know it. I know some theories curently surgest that low nitrate levels can caurse cyno, but ATM they are just theories, so basically looking as a broad spectrum of things that theories surgest to caurse cyno hopefuly makes the route caurse a little more obvious, hopefully in the form of an unusual level.
All the best
Rabbut
From personal experience, I can attribute BGA to poor circulation, ammonia spikes from maintenance and sunlight in the substrate at the front of the tank. I haven`t been able to relate BGA to low nitrates myself, as I ran a tank low on nitrates once to see if nitrogen deficiency would turn my Rotala red. I never experienced any BGA during this period.
One correlation that I have made, which George Farmer made as well, was that the BGA originated in the substrate at the sides of the tank where there will be daylight, whether it be direct or indirect.
I haven`t heard of anyone actually putting any thought in to BGA in the aquarium making a correlation with phosphate levels. The only correlation between phosphates and algae in the aquarium that I am aware of is low levels causing GDA on the glass, something else which I have proven for myself.
Clear pics of the algae would be a great help.
Dave.