-Fish (specifically goldfish) have a 5 second memory
-A fish will grow to the size of its tank
-The inches of fish to gallons rule (10" oscar in 10g tank for example)
The 1" per gallon of fish rule is an old school thought. With the technology advances of today such as better filtration it's not very accurate. However, it is a good guideline for people first starting out with tropical fishkeeping.
Read an interesting book on the subject of water changes and, specifically, planted tanks. The author states she does water changes up to 6 months apart. It has to do with natural filtration. The name of the book is The Ecology of the Planted Aquarium by Diana Walstad