If you follow the rule of 1" of adult fish per gallon then you wont go far wrong.
In established tanks over 6 months old, this can be stretched to around 1.5 - 2" per gallon
If you tank is cycled, then you should always get a reading of 0 for ammonia and nitrIte, if your tank is overstocked and your filter is struggling to process the ammonia, you will notice this when testing your water as the ammonia levels would be higher than 0. You can also sometimes get an ammonia spike when adding new fish whilst the filter adjusts to the new bioload being produced by the extra fish.
Andy