Fish Dying, Out Of Ideas

piscineamigo

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Hi all. Here's my saga.
 
About six weeks ago I started a new aquarium for my son. It's a 20 gallon TopFin tank with a TopFin 20 power filter. First I tried doing a fishless cycle using Tetra SafeStart as a bacteria source, but after four weeks the cycle was going nowhere. Then I added Dr. Tim's One and Only bacteria source and the cycle started in a day and was fully cycled in 10 days. It could process 4ppm of ammonia in less than a day, with zero ammonia and zero nitrite remaining. I kept it going for several more days, adding 4ppm ammonia per day, and always the ammonia and nitrite would peak and disappear rapidly. I then did a 50% water change on a Friday and Saturday (always treating water with Tetra AquaSafe), resulting in final readings of 0 ammonia, 0 nitrite, 10ppm nitrate, ph 7.6-7.8, temp 77-78F. On Sunday we went to the store to get some fish.
 
I went to Sierra Fish and Pet in Renton Wa. as they have a huge selection and good reputation. We picked out four dwarf neon rainbows, two red platys, and two salt and pepper cory cats. Usually this would be a lot to start with, but since the tank could process a lot of ammonia quickly, they and I thought this number was OK.
 
I introduced the fish by floating the bags in the aquarium and slowly adding tank water to the bags over about an hour and a half. Then I scooped them into the tank with a net. 
 
I checked the water daily - always 0 ammonia, 0 nitrite, 10-15 ppm nitrate. I checked the ammonia alert tag often and it always registered nothing. 
 
They did fine for about 4 days. On the fifth day the platys were gasping near the surface. Later that day one platy died, then a few hours later another died, and a few hours later a rainbow died. Because of the gasping I assumed they must not have enough oxygen, even though the pump kept the water moving pretty well. The next day I installed a Tetra Whisper 20 air pump with a 1" diameter spherical airstone. I also did a 30% water change and vacuumed the gravel. Now the water was really moving and had lots of bubbles. I figured this would fix any oxygen problem.
 
They looked really happy. Eating well, swimming around. That night another rainbow died. Two days later (yesterday) another rainbow died. They look ok until a few hours before they die, when they swim feebly near the surface, then flop side-to-side and eventually sink and die. Now there are two cory cats and one rainbow left. The skin of all the fish looks clean and without film or spots, and the gills looks pink, though the rainbows may look a bit dull.
 
I took the water to be tested at the same fish store. They tested ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, ph, copper, Gh, Kh, phosphorous. All readings were fine though I don't know the exact readings.
 
At this point I'm fully expecting all of the remaining fish to kick. My son is very disappointed. I'm out of ideas, except perhaps to add some salt, but not much because of the corys. Any ideas are welcome.
 
Other info:
 
ph 7.6-7.8 and stable
temp 77-78F and stable
florescent lamp, on 6-8 hours/day
two plastic plants
one ceramic fake coral
one very large and hollow plastic fake driftwood (could this thing be giving off toxins?)
25lb medium-size smooth gravel
All ornaments were rinsed with dechlorinated water
feeding with Omega One Tropical Flakes and small sinking shrimp pellets for the corys (brand?)
feed twice/day: a tiny pinch of 4-5 flakes (2 flakes now that there are fewer fish), one pellet.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weird, because the symptoms you describe sound exactly like nitrite poisoning...
 
Nitrite Poisoning Symptoms:

  • Fish gasp for breath at the water surface
  • Fish hang near water outlets
  • Fish is listless
  • Tan or brown gills
  • Rapid gill movement

    Also known as 'brown blood disease' because the blood turns brown from a increase of methemoglobin. However, methemoglobin causes a more serious problem than changing the color of the blood. It renders the blood unable to carry oxygen, and the fish can literally suffocate even though there is ample oxygen present in the water.

 
I saw that your fishes gills are still pink.  Did you check one that just died, or those still swimming around?
 
It might be a stupid thing to ask but are you 100% sure nitrite always is/was at 0?  0.5 ppm for example is still too high.
 
For future reference it's a a good idea to ask the exact numbers.  Fish shops want to make a sale after all...
 
Thank you for the reply!
 
I was referring to the gill color of the live fish. I didn't closely inspect the gills of the dead fish - I guess I should have. Their skin looked darker than normal, i.e., the red Platys looked very dark red.
 
The nitrite poisoning symptoms you quoted are very similar to what they are exhibiting, except for the tan or brown gills that is. I will check the gill color of the remaining fish again.
 
I've been using an API Freshwater Master Test Kit. Since the tank was cycled, the nitrite test has always resulted in a pale-blue color with no purple at all, which according to the chart is 0ppm. I'm sure the test works because during the cycle, after adding ammonia, it gave non-zero readings which after a day returned to zero. 
 
Any other thoughts? Do you think adding a very small dose of salt would help (without harming the corys)?
 
After fishless cycling a tank, it is normal to change pretty much all the water, only doing a 50% change could have some bearing on your losses. The cycling would have produced masses of nitrate and liquid nitrate test kits are infamous for giving false readings unless the bottles are shaken/banged for a minute or two (because reagents come out of solution and forma sediment on the bottle floor).
 
Gasping at the surface suggests critical oxygen and/or nitrite levels.
 
At this point I'm going to suggest something I often suggest in this section, a ~95% water change with similar temp dechlorinated water.
 
If the filter outlet is movable, place it higher in the water column, either at the surface (if the noise does not bother you) or ~1cm below the surface. If possible, point the flow slightly upwards to create some rippling. 
 
Thank you very much for your reply.
 
My filter's outlet isn't movable but I will lower the water level a little to make it splash more.
 
After I cycled the tank, I actually did two 50% water changes on subsequent days (Friday and Saturday), which is like a 75% water change. I will however do another big water change as you suggested.
 
I'll try shaking the nitrate test bottles and test tube for two minutes rather than one and see if I get different readings.
 

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