Yes normally when fish are to big for a tank and produce alot of waste that the filter can't keep up.
Plecs cause alot of waste in the gravel they are massive waste producers.
I don't no his ammonia or nitrite reading, sounds like to be there is alot of food and waste in the gravel, or his filter sponges need squeezing out in old tank water.
Plus I don't know his stocking of his tank or how many gallons or litres to take a good look at why the nitrate is high.
If he could answer these questions we will be able to get to the bottom of it faster.
normal filtration doesnt remove or lower Nitrate
Live plants are good for reducing nitrate, plus maintaining your filter sponges by knowing when to rinse one in old tank water.