It is highly unlikely that any individual Polypterus senegalus will reach 20 inches in captivity. The maximum size for most P. senegalus is, as has already been mentioned, about 12-14 inches. There is a questionable subspecies (P. senegalus meridionalis) that can reach the 20 inch mark.
As for the initial question, since Boesman's Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia boesmani) adults generally reach about 3.5 inches as a maximum size, I personally wouldn't risk including them with an adult P. senegalus (say...10 inches or so). You could, however, keep some larger M. boesmani with younger (and smaller) P. senegalus without too many problems.
-Joe