Mollies need salt and gouramis don't do well with it, so you'd have to choose between the two. Also, if you choose gouramis, you should stick with a single species as different kinds don't mix well.
It depends on which exact species you're talking about when asking if you can put the others together. Large tetras such as serpae tetras, lemon tetras, etc, should do fine with smaller barbs such as gold barbs, checkered barbs, pentazona barbs, etc. However it wouldn't be a great idea to put neons in with tiger barbs for instance.
Gouramis and barbs are a good combination, IMO. Unless you're asking about dwarf gouramis, in which case you might want to go with tetras as tankmates.
I'm not crazy about mollies because they breed so much.