Advances in biofiltration

[Rusty_Shackleford]

It seems there is finally some interesting research into what we call "beneficial bacteria" and biofiltration. This is an area that has been sorely lacking from the hobbyists point of view as most research is aimed at commercial waste water treatment and then amended or adapted to hobbyists purposes.
Here is an interesting study using tourmaline dust on ceramic media.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135424011114

So tourmaline generates a small amount of electricity. This does not mean you should throw your toaster into your aquarium.

 

[Rusty_Shackleford]

And yes there is ceramic media with tourmaline commercially available.