How much water should be changed a week

In theory, with a perfectly balanced ecosystem running in the tank, a water change could be as infrequent as monthly, or even longer.
It would all depend on the contents of the tank, including not only numbers of critters, but activity and stress levels.
My tanks are well stocked and stress levels must be relatively low, because it appears that I only need to change 20% on a weekly basis and even then, that is just out of habit...my ammonia and nitrites remain a constant zero and my nitrates are negligible.
It is because it's a habit that I do it and I really should try and leave it for longer between water changes, especially given the static nature of my water.
I suppose I'm also aware that the watery environments in the wild are always subject to changes more frequently, whether its through flowing waters or by rainfall...or both.
 
When setting up my tanks, I got into the habit of testing the water and have maintained that habit. As a consequence, I've acquired a good 'feel' for the conditions my tanks are in.

To answer the question further, some would be tempted to monitor their water and only change it when conditions appeared to begin to deteriorate. Whilst I would always advocate the habit of regular testing, usually, by the time any test results show 'bad' water, some damage has already been done.
With this in mind, I supplement my testing with repeated observation.
 
The more water changed the healthier the fish will be. The reason is explained in the article on TFF here
 

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