Generally speaking, all bacteria are fairly hardy organisms. A few minutes out of water will not harm the bacteria in your tank, nor will a few hours. Depending on their health, many bacteria will not die off right away, but enter a state similar to hibernation. Then, when conditions return to ideal they will "wake up" again. This will be a fraction of your total bacteria count of course, there will be plenty of die off if they are left for too long. Some of the bacteria will survive for probably about 24 hours in all actuallity, though you will likely experience significant die off as well, so it is best not to leave them out of their element for so long.
\Dan