The loaches you want are very active. IMO a 10g won't be big enough to give them room to swim as much as they'd like

Id say leave them out, they also require a minimum group size of 4, though 6 would be better
Cherry shrimp will be fine. They are the aquatic equivilant of rabbits, breeding even quicker than guppies

You will buy 10 and have about 200 within 6 months, or at least I did. Weird thing is, that even with 200 you will only see 10 at a time maximum untill the tank gets stripped.... They are low waste, so unless you have a massive group (more than 70 or so) I wouldn't count them towards the inch per gallon rule
With the Neons and Guppies, I'd add the cherry shrimp only, but not the loach
HTH
Rabbut