I would assume that your speaking of the mini feather dusters, the ones that are really really tiny, those guys can close up and hide for ages. Think of it this way, when you purchase liverock from the LFS it doesnt have any minis on them, then a month, or two or three months later they appear. Why? Because they can hide, I have a couple in my nano tank that pop out every now and then, but for the first 2 months you couldnt see them at all, they never came out while I was looking. Now they come out frequently, but then again they hide frequently.
The thing of it is, is that they are "worms" and dont need to come out unless they have to. Try feeding phyto to them and see if that encourages them to come out. I feed about quarter cap of Kents Marine phyto and mine come out a whole lot more, but keep in mind that mine are the minis. My large feather duster that I bought at the LFS stays out most of the time, but will retreat into his tube when he fancies, but thats the nature of the featherdusters.